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  • Confidence Bootcamp
    • My learning
    • Intro to experimentation
      • Introduction
      • Lesson 1: Why you should experiment
      • Lesson 2: Experiment hypothesis
      • Lesson 3: Success and guardrail metrics
      • Lesson 4: Success metrics
      • Lesson 5: Set up your experiment
      • Lesson 6: Calculation frequency
      • Lesson 7: Target audience
      • Lesson 8: Sample size
      • Lesson 9: Quality assurance
      • Lesson 10: Run your experiment
      • Lesson 11: Evaluate your experiment and make a decision
      • Lesson 12: A/B tests and rollouts
      • Course wrap up
    • Intro to metrics
      • Introduction
      • Lesson 1: What is a metric?
      • Lesson 2: Metric roles
      • Lesson 3: Time considerations
      • Lesson 4: Capturing behavior
      • Lesson 5: Strategic metrics
      • Lesson 6: Interpretability
      • Lesson 7: Feasibility and sensitivity
      • Lesson 8: Variance reduction
      • Lesson 9: Select metrics
      • Lesson 10: Segment-level analysis
      • Course wrap up
    • Scientific product development
      • Introduction
      • Lesson 1: Why you should experiment
      • Lesson 2: The scientific method
      • Lesson 3: Randomized controlled trials
      • Lesson 4: Experiment hypothesis
      • Lesson 5: Case study
        • Case study
        • Answers to case study
      • Lesson 6: Why do we need statistics?
      • Lesson 7: Success metrics
      • Lesson 8: Detectable effects and sample size
      • Lesson 9: Make a decision
      • Course wrap up
    • A primer on hypothesis testing
      • Introduction
      • Lesson 1: Introduction to hypothesis testing
      • Lesson 2: True vs estimated effects
      • Lesson 3: Sampling distribution of the difference-in-means estimator
      • Lesson 4: Z-tests and how to reject the null hypothesis
      • Lesson 5: False postive rate and alpha
      • Lesson 6: True positive rate, MDE, and power
      • Course wrap up
    • Intro to Feature Flags
      • Introduction
      • Lesson 1: What is a feature flag?
      • Lesson 2: Lifecycle of a feature flag
      • Lesson 3: Clients
      • Lesson 4: Evaluation context and targeting
    • Sample size calculation - I
      • Introduction
      • Lesson 1: What is the required sample size?
      • Lesson 2: Alpha and power
      • Lesson 3: Baseline mean and variance
      • Lesson 4: Sample size playground - I
    • Sample size calculation - II
      • Introduction
      • Lesson 1: Multi-metric decision making
      • Lesson 2: Number of success metrics
      • Lesson 3: Number of guardrail metrics
      • Lesson 4: Number of comparisons
      • Lesson 5: Sample size playground - II
    • Sample size calculation - III
      • Introduction
      • Lesson 1: Binary metrics
      • Lesson 2: Treatment group proportions
      • Lesson 3: Variance reduction
      • Lesson 4: Sequential testing and sample size
      • Lesson 5: Sample size playground - III
    • Advance your experimentation
      • Introduction
      • Lesson 1: Guardrail metrics with non-inferiority margins
      • Lesson 2: Choose evaluation frequency
      • Lesson 3: Metrics' roles in experiments
      • Lesson 4: Cumulative holdback evaluations
    • Experimentation culture
      • Introduction
      • Lesson 1: Onboarding into experimentation
      • Lesson 2: Empowering experimentation champions
      • Lesson 3: Sustaining the experimentation culture
    • Videos

Lesson 7: Target Audience

Summary

You can set up your experiment to target a specific group of users, defined by what's called the target audience of your test. The users you target are the users you learn about and you need to consider the population of your experiment when you interpret the results and try to generalize them.

When you set up an experiment, you often want to test your new feature or change on a specific group of users—such as new users, users in certain markets, or users on certain platforms. The group you want to include in your experiment is called targeting population or Audience.

The users you target are the users you learn about

The hypothesis you formulated in the planning phase should describe what users you want to target with your test. It's important to think about that the only group of users you can draw conclusions about is the group of users that you include in your experiment.

For example, the results of an experiment that targets the iOS app are not directly transferable to the Android app. Similarly, the results from an experiment run on users in Brazil don't directly generalize to, for example, users in Germany. Likewise, the results from an experiment on users visiting a particular page in your app is not directly transferable to all your users. This may sound obvious, but sometimes the situation may be a little less obvious. You need to consider the population of your experiment when you interpret the results.

What you can target on

Inclusion criteria can flexibly define the target audience of the test based on attributes. You can pass in any information you want when resolving a feature flag. Any information that you pass in can be used as an inclusion criterion for your experiment. For example, if you pass in country or device type, these can be used to create inclusion criteria.

In Confidence

In Confidence, the connection between your product and the experiment is via feature flags. When you resolve a feature flag in your code, you pass in context attributes that Confidence can use for targeting. For any feature flag with usage, Confidence provides autocomplete with the attributes that have been available in those contexts in the Audience section of the experiment setup page. If you don't know what exists in your evaluation context, the person who added the feature flag to the code probably does.

Reader exercise

What is a correct conclusions from an experiment targeting only Brazil?

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On this page

  1. The users you target are the users you learn about

  2. What you can target on